An Examination of Nurses' Preparedness and Response to Cholera Outbreaks in Kogi State University Teaching Hospital
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Background of the Study
Cholera is a highly infectious waterborne disease that remains a significant public health challenge, particularly in low- and middle-income countries like Nigeria. Characterized by severe diarrhea and dehydration, cholera can lead to rapid death if not treated promptly (Nwankwo & Igbalajobi, 2024). Nigeria has experienced recurrent cholera outbreaks, especially in regions with inadequate sanitation and clean water access, making it essential for healthcare providers to be prepared for such emergencies. Nurses, who are often the first point of contact in healthcare facilities, play a critical role in the management of cholera patients, from providing rehydration therapy to educating communities about preventive measures.
At Kogi State University Teaching Hospital (KSUTH), nurses are central to the hospital’s response to cholera outbreaks. However, the level of preparedness among nurses to handle cholera cases, including their knowledge of outbreak management, infection control, and patient education, remains uncertain. Nurses must not only be skilled in clinical management but also be trained in rapid response and effective communication with patients and the community to prevent the spread of the disease (Abdullahi et al., 2023).
This study aims to examine the preparedness of nurses at KSUTH to handle cholera outbreaks, focusing on their knowledge, response strategies, and challenges faced during an outbreak. The study will also explore areas where further training and resources are needed to improve the overall response to cholera at the hospital.
Statement of the Problem
Cholera outbreaks pose a significant public health threat in Nigeria, and the ability of nurses to respond effectively is crucial in controlling the spread of the disease and minimizing mortality. While KSUTH has a role in managing cholera cases, there is limited research on how well nurses are prepared to handle such outbreaks. Lack of preparedness, insufficient training, or inadequate resources can lead to delays in treatment, increased transmission, and higher mortality rates. This study seeks to assess the preparedness of nurses at KSUTH and identify factors that may hinder their effective response to cholera outbreaks.
Objectives of the Study
- To assess the level of preparedness of nurses at Kogi State University Teaching Hospital in responding to cholera outbreaks.
- To evaluate the response strategies employed by nurses during cholera outbreaks at KSUTH.
- To identify challenges faced by nurses in managing cholera cases and recommend strategies for improving response efforts.
Research Questions
- What is the level of preparedness of nurses at KSUTH to manage cholera outbreaks?
- What response strategies do nurses at KSUTH employ when handling cholera cases?
- What challenges do nurses face in managing cholera outbreaks, and how can these challenges be addressed?
Research Hypotheses
- Nurses with higher preparedness levels will have more effective response strategies during cholera outbreaks.
- There is a significant relationship between nurses' knowledge of cholera management and the control of cholera outbreaks in the hospital.
- Barriers such as inadequate training, limited resources, and staff shortages significantly hinder the preparedness and response to cholera outbreaks at KSUTH.
Scope and Limitations of the Study
This study will focus on nurses working in the emergency and infectious diseases departments at Kogi State University Teaching Hospital. Limitations may include biases in self-reported preparedness, the variability of cholera outbreaks, and challenges in assessing the long-term effectiveness of response strategies.
Definitions of Terms
- Cholera: An acute diarrheal infection caused by the Vibrio cholerae bacteria, typically contracted through contaminated food or water.
- Preparedness: The ability of healthcare workers to respond effectively to emergencies such as cholera outbreaks, including knowledge, skills, and resources.
- Response Strategies: The actions taken by nurses to manage cholera patients, including rehydration therapy, infection control measures, and community education.
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